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Friday, April 24, 2009

Electrical Cable

Electrical Cables

By: Yudha Urawa

A cable is two or more wires or ropes running side by side and bonded, twisted or braided together to form a single assembly. An optical cable contains one or more optical fibers in a protective jacket that supports the fibers. Mechanical cable is more specifically called wire rope.

Electrical cable is a medium to distribute electricity. A power cable consists of conductor and insulator. Electrical cables are known in various configurations for various applications. Electric power cables for medium and high voltage typically include a central core electrical conductor of copper or aluminum, an overlaying semi conductive conductor shield, an electrical insulation layer formed over the conductor shield, a semi conductive insulation shield and a metallic shield overlaying the insulation shield.

Electrical cables may be made more flexible by stranding the wires. In this process, smaller individual wires are twisted or braided together to produce larger wires that are more flexible than solid wires of similar size. Tight lays during stranding makes the cable extensible (CBA - as in telephone handset cords).

A coaxial electrical cable for high speed transmission of electric signals generally comprises a metallic inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric insulating material, which in turn is surrounded by an electrically-conductive outer material that provides a shield against passage of extraneous external electrical signals or noise.

Any current-carrying conductor, including a cable, radiates an electromagnetic field. Likewise, any conductor or cable will pick up energy from any existing electromagnetic field around it. The second solution is to route cables away from trouble. Beyond this, there are particular cable designs that minimize electromagnetic pickup and transmission. Three of the principal design techniques are shielding, coaxial geometry, and twisted-pair geometry.

Check out my other article on Solar Lighting

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